import ipaddress
import logging
import os
import shlex
import socket
import subprocess
import sys
import time
from collections.abc import Iterator
from contextlib import contextmanager
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
from pathlib import Path
from shlex import quote
from tempfile import TemporaryDirectory

from clan_lib.api import API
from clan_lib.cmd import ClanCmdError, ClanCmdTimeoutError, CmdOut, RunOpts, run
from clan_lib.colors import AnsiColor
from clan_lib.errors import ClanError, indent_command  # Assuming these are available
from clan_lib.nix import nix_shell
from clan_lib.ssh.host_key import HostKeyCheck, hostkey_to_ssh_opts
from clan_lib.ssh.parse import parse_ssh_uri
from clan_lib.ssh.sudo_askpass_proxy import SudoAskpassProxy

cmdlog = logging.getLogger(__name__)

# Seconds until a message is printed when _run produces no output.
NO_OUTPUT_TIMEOUT = 20


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class Remote:
    address: str
    command_prefix: str
    user: str = "root"
    port: int | None = None
    private_key: Path | None = None
    password: str | None = None
    forward_agent: bool = True
    host_key_check: HostKeyCheck = "ask"
    verbose_ssh: bool = False
    ssh_options: dict[str, str] = field(default_factory=dict)
    tor_socks: bool = False

    _control_path_dir: Path | None = None
    _askpass_path: str | None = None

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        return self.target

    def is_ipv6(self) -> bool:
        try:
            return isinstance(ipaddress.ip_address(self.address), ipaddress.IPv6Address)
        except ValueError:
            return False

    def override(
        self,
        *,
        host_key_check: HostKeyCheck | None = None,
        private_key: Path | None = None,
        password: str | None = None,
        tor_socks: bool | None = None,
        command_prefix: str | None = None,
        port: int | None = None,
        ssh_options: dict[str, str] | None = None,
    ) -> "Remote":
        """
        Returns a new Remote instance with the same data but with a different host_key_check.
        """
        return Remote(
            address=self.address,
            user=self.user,
            command_prefix=command_prefix or self.command_prefix,
            port=port or self.port,
            private_key=private_key if private_key is not None else self.private_key,
            password=password if password is not None else self.password,
            forward_agent=self.forward_agent,
            host_key_check=(
                host_key_check if host_key_check is not None else self.host_key_check
            ),
            verbose_ssh=self.verbose_ssh,
            ssh_options=ssh_options or self.ssh_options,
            tor_socks=tor_socks if tor_socks is not None else self.tor_socks,
            _control_path_dir=self._control_path_dir,
            _askpass_path=self._askpass_path,
        )

    @property
    def target(self) -> str:
        return f"{self.user}@{self.address}"

    @classmethod
    def from_ssh_uri(
        cls,
        *,
        machine_name: str,
        address: str,
    ) -> "Remote":
        """
        Parse a deployment address and return a Host object.
        """

        return parse_ssh_uri(machine_name=machine_name, address=address)

    def run_local(
        self,
        cmd: list[str],
        opts: RunOpts | None = None,
        extra_env: dict[str, str] | None = None,
    ) -> CmdOut:
        """
        Command to run locally for the host
        """
        if opts is None:
            opts = RunOpts()
        env = opts.env or os.environ.copy()
        if extra_env:
            env.update(extra_env)
        displayed_cmd = " ".join(cmd)
        cmdlog.info(
            f"$ {displayed_cmd}",
            extra={
                "command_prefix": self.command_prefix,
                "color": AnsiColor.GREEN.value,
            },
        )
        opts.env = env
        opts.prefix = self.command_prefix
        return run(cmd, opts)

    @contextmanager
    def ssh_control_master(self) -> Iterator["Remote"]:
        """
        Context manager to manage SSH ControlMaster connections.
        This will create a temporary directory for the control socket.
        """
        directory = None
        if sys.platform == "darwin" and os.environ.get("TMPDIR", "").startswith(
            "/var/folders/"
        ):
            directory = "/tmp/"
        with TemporaryDirectory(prefix="clan-ssh", dir=directory) as temp_dir:
            remote = Remote(
                address=self.address,
                user=self.user,
                command_prefix=self.command_prefix,
                port=self.port,
                private_key=self.private_key,
                password=self.password,
                forward_agent=self.forward_agent,
                host_key_check=self.host_key_check,
                verbose_ssh=self.verbose_ssh,
                ssh_options=self.ssh_options,
                tor_socks=self.tor_socks,
                _control_path_dir=Path(temp_dir),
                _askpass_path=self._askpass_path,
            )
            try:
                yield remote
            finally:
                # Terminate the SSH master connection
                socket_path = Path(temp_dir) / "socket"
                if socket_path.exists():
                    try:
                        exit_cmd = [
                            "ssh",
                            "-o",
                            f"ControlPath={socket_path}",
                            "-O",
                            "exit",
                        ]
                        exit_cmd.append(remote.target)
                        subprocess.run(exit_cmd, capture_output=True, timeout=5)
                    except (subprocess.TimeoutExpired, subprocess.CalledProcessError):
                        # If exit fails still try to stop the master connection
                        pass

    @contextmanager
    def become_root(self) -> Iterator["Remote"]:
        """
        Context manager to set up sudo askpass proxy.
        This will set up a proxy for sudo password prompts.
        """
        if self.user == "root":
            yield self
            return

        if (
            os.environ.get("DISPLAY")
            or os.environ.get("WAYLAND_DISPLAY")
            or sys.platform == "darwin"
        ):
            command = ["zenity", "--password", "--title", "%title%"]
            dependencies = ["zenity"]
        else:
            command = [
                "dialog",
                "--stdout",
                "--insecure",
                "--title",
                "%title%",
                "--passwordbox",
                "",
                "10",
                "50",
            ]
            dependencies = ["dialog"]
        proxy = SudoAskpassProxy(self, nix_shell(dependencies, command))
        try:
            askpass_path = proxy.run()
            yield Remote(
                address=self.address,
                user=self.user,
                command_prefix=self.command_prefix,
                port=self.port,
                private_key=self.private_key,
                password=self.password,
                forward_agent=self.forward_agent,
                host_key_check=self.host_key_check,
                verbose_ssh=self.verbose_ssh,
                ssh_options=self.ssh_options,
                tor_socks=self.tor_socks,
                _control_path_dir=self._control_path_dir,
                _askpass_path=askpass_path,
            )
        finally:
            proxy.cleanup()

    def run(
        self,
        cmd: list[str],
        opts: RunOpts | None = None,
        extra_env: dict[str, str] | None = None,
        tty: bool = False,
        verbose_ssh: bool = False,
        quiet: bool = False,
        control_master: bool = True,
    ) -> CmdOut:
        """
        Internal method to run a command on the host via ssh.
        `control_path_dir`: If provided, SSH ControlMaster options will be used.
        """
        if extra_env is None:
            extra_env = {}
        if opts is None:
            opts = RunOpts()

        sudo = []
        if self._askpass_path is not None:
            sudo = [
                f"SUDO_ASKPASS={shlex.quote(self._askpass_path)}",
                "sudo",
                "-A",
                "--",
            ]

        env_vars = []
        for k, v in extra_env.items():
            env_vars.append(f"{shlex.quote(k)}={shlex.quote(v)}")

        if opts.prefix is None:
            opts.prefix = self.command_prefix
        opts.needs_user_terminal = True
        if opts.cwd is not None:
            msg = "cwd is not supported for remote commands"
            raise ClanError(msg)

        displayed_cmd = ""
        export_cmd = ""
        if env_vars:
            export_cmd = f"export {' '.join(env_vars)}; "
            displayed_cmd += export_cmd
        displayed_cmd += " ".join(cmd)

        if not quiet:
            cmdlog.info(
                f"$ {displayed_cmd}",
                extra={
                    "command_prefix": self.command_prefix,
                    "color": AnsiColor.GREEN.value,
                },
            )

        bash_cmd = export_cmd
        if opts.shell:
            bash_cmd += " ".join(cmd)
            opts.shell = False
        else:
            bash_cmd += 'exec "$@"'

        ssh_cmd = [
            *self.ssh_cmd(
                verbose_ssh=verbose_ssh, tty=tty, control_master=control_master
            ),
            "--",
            *sudo,
            "bash",
            "-c",
            quote(bash_cmd),
            "--",
            " ".join(map(quote, cmd)),
        ]

        return run(ssh_cmd, opts)

    def nix_ssh_env(
        self,
        env: dict[str, str] | None = None,
        control_master: bool = True,
    ) -> dict[str, str]:
        if env is None:
            env = {}
        env["NIX_SSHOPTS"] = " ".join(
            self.ssh_cmd_opts(control_master=control_master)  # Renamed
        )
        return env

    def ssh_cmd_opts(
        self,
        control_master: bool = True,
    ) -> list[str]:
        ssh_opts = ["-A"] if self.forward_agent else []
        if self.port:
            ssh_opts.extend(["-p", str(self.port)])
        for k, v in self.ssh_options.items():
            ssh_opts.extend(["-o", f"{k}={shlex.quote(v)}"])
        ssh_opts.extend(hostkey_to_ssh_opts(self.host_key_check))
        if self.private_key:
            ssh_opts.extend(["-i", str(self.private_key)])

        if control_master:
            if self._control_path_dir is None:
                msg = "Bug! Control path directory is not set. Please use Remote.ssh_control_master() or set control_master to False."
                raise ClanError(msg)
            socket_path = self._control_path_dir / "socket"
            ssh_opts.extend(
                [
                    "-o",
                    "ControlMaster=auto",
                    "-o",
                    "ControlPersist=1m",
                    "-o",
                    f"ControlPath={socket_path}",
                ]
            )
        return ssh_opts

    def ssh_url(self) -> str:
        """
        Generates a standard SSH URL (ssh://[user@]host[:port]).
        """
        url = "ssh://"
        if self.user:
            url += f"{self.user}@"
        url += self.address
        if self.port:
            url += f":{self.port}"
        return url

    def ssh_cmd(
        self, verbose_ssh: bool = False, tty: bool = False, control_master: bool = True
    ) -> list[str]:
        packages = []
        password_args = []
        if self.password:
            packages.append("sshpass")
            password_args = ["sshpass", "-p", self.password]

        current_ssh_opts = self.ssh_cmd_opts(control_master=control_master)
        if verbose_ssh or self.verbose_ssh:
            current_ssh_opts.extend(["-v"])
        if tty:
            current_ssh_opts.extend(["-t"])

        if self.tor_socks:
            packages.append("netcat")
            current_ssh_opts.extend(
                ["-o", "ProxyCommand=nc -x 127.0.0.1:9050 -X 5 %h %p"]
            )

        cmd = [
            *password_args,
            "ssh",
            self.target,
            *current_ssh_opts,
        ]
        return nix_shell(packages, cmd)

    def check_sshpass_errorcode(self, res: subprocess.CompletedProcess) -> None:
        """
        Check the return code of the sshpass command and raise an error if it indicates a failure.
        Error codes are based on man sshpass(1) and may vary by version.
        """
        if res.returncode == 0:
            return

        match res.returncode:
            case 1:
                msg = "Invalid command line argument"
                raise ClanError(msg)
            case 2:
                msg = "Conflicting arguments given"
                raise ClanError(msg)
            case 3:
                msg = "General runtime error"
                raise ClanError(msg)
            case 4:
                msg = "Unrecognized response from ssh (parse error)"
                raise ClanError(msg)
            case 5:
                msg = "Invalid/incorrect password"
                raise ClanError(msg)
            case 6:
                msg = "Host public key is unknown. sshpass exits without confirming the new key. Try using --host-key-heck none"
                raise ClanError(msg)
            case 7:
                msg = "IP public key changed. sshpass exits without confirming the new key."
                raise ClanError(msg)
            case _:
                msg = f"SSH command failed with return code {res.returncode}"
                raise ClanError(msg)

    def interactive_ssh(self, command: list[str] | None = None) -> None:
        ssh_cmd = self.ssh_cmd(tty=True, control_master=False)
        if command:
            ssh_cmd = [
                *self.ssh_cmd(tty=True, control_master=False),
                "--",
                "bash",
                "-c",
                quote('exec "$@"'),
                "--",
                " ".join(map(quote, command)),
            ]
        cmdlog.info(
            f"{indent_command(ssh_cmd)}",
            extra={
                "command_prefix": self.command_prefix,
                "color": AnsiColor.GREEN.value,
            },
        )
        res = subprocess.run(ssh_cmd, check=False)

        # We only check the error code if a password is set, as sshpass is used.
        # AS sshpass swallows all output.
        if self.password:
            self.check_sshpass_errorcode(res)

    def check_machine_ssh_reachable(self) -> bool:
        return check_machine_ssh_reachable(self).ok


@dataclass(frozen=True)
class ConnectionOptions:
    timeout: int = 2
    retries: int = 5


@dataclass
class CheckResult:
    ok: bool
    reason: str | None = None


@API.register
def check_machine_ssh_login(
    remote: Remote, opts: ConnectionOptions | None = None
) -> CheckResult:
    """Checks if a remote machine is reachable via SSH by attempting to run a simple command.
    Args:
        remote (Remote): The remote host to check for SSH login.
        opts (ConnectionOptions, optional): Connection options such as timeout and number of retries.
            If not provided, default values are used.
    Returns:
        CheckResult: An object indicating whether the SSH login is successful (`ok=True`) or not (`ok=False`),
        and a reason if the check failed.
    Usage:
        result = check_machine_ssh_login(remote)
        if result.ok:
            print("SSH login successful")
        else:
            print(f"SSH login failed: {result.reason}")
    """
    if opts is None:
        opts = ConnectionOptions()

    for _ in range(opts.retries):
        with remote.ssh_control_master() as ssh:
            try:
                res = ssh.run(
                    ["true"],
                    RunOpts(timeout=opts.timeout, needs_user_terminal=True),
                )
                return CheckResult(True)
            except ClanCmdTimeoutError:
                pass
            except ClanCmdError as e:
                if "Host key verification failed." in e.cmd.stderr:
                    raise ClanError(res.stderr.strip()) from e
            else:
                time.sleep(opts.timeout)

    return CheckResult(False, f"failed after {opts.retries} attempts")


@API.register
def check_machine_ssh_reachable(
    remote: Remote, opts: ConnectionOptions | None = None
) -> CheckResult:
    """
    Checks if a remote machine is reachable via SSH by attempting to open a TCP connection
    to the specified address and port.
    Args:
        remote (Remote): The remote host to check for SSH reachability.
        opts (ConnectionOptions, optional): Connection options such as timeout and number of retries.
            If not provided, default values are used.
    Returns:
        CheckResult: An object indicating whether the SSH port is reachable (`ok=True`) or not (`ok=False`),
        and a reason if the check failed.
    Usage:
        result = check_machine_ssh_reachable(remote)
        if result.ok:
            print("SSH port is reachable")
            print(f"SSH port is not reachable: {result.reason}")
    """
    if opts is None:
        opts = ConnectionOptions()

    cmdlog.debug(
        f"Checking SSH reachability for {remote.target} on port {remote.port or 22}",
    )

    address_family = socket.AF_INET6 if ":" in remote.address else socket.AF_INET
    for _ in range(opts.retries):
        with socket.socket(address_family, socket.SOCK_STREAM) as sock:
            sock.settimeout(opts.timeout)
            try:
                sock.connect((remote.address, remote.port or 22))
                return CheckResult(True)
            except (TimeoutError, OSError):
                pass
            else:
                time.sleep(opts.timeout)

    return CheckResult(False, f"failed after {opts.retries} attempts")